Achieving the proper fit with your bike is imperative for good riding posture. If the handlebars (stem height) are too low, the rider must lean forward and increase compression due to body weight. The saddle (seat) angle should not be too low in the front, or the rider will slide forward, increasing compression forces to the shoulders. It’s wise to have your local bicycle dealer assess your bike fit prior to taking long journeys!
While cycling, your back should be slightly arched outward to minimize stress on the spine. Your shoulders should be kept in line with your body, so the chest muscles carry most of the weight of your upper body. And your elbows should be slightly bent and not locked in extension. A locked posture will cause undue stress to the elbow joint and strain to the triceps. The wrist should be kept in a neutral position or in line with your forearm.
For additional information, I like Sheldon Brown’s explanation of the “Two Bump Problem,” as well as this Cycling for Fun YouTube video, which demonstrates correct cycling posture.
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